nginx配置文件最佳实践

示例目录结构

/etc/nginx/
├── nginx.conf          # 主配置文件
├── mime.types 			# MIME 类型配置
├── conf.d/             # 全局子配置文件目录      
│   ├── site.conf      	# 站点配置
│   └── ...
└── ...

主配置文件示例

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;

error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
    include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
        
    default_type application/octet-stream;

    log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                    '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                    '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

    sendfile on;
    keepalive_timeout 65;

    gzip on;
    gzip_disable "msie6";
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_proxied any;
    gzip_comp_level 6;
    gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
    include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
}

虚拟主机配置示例

sites-available/example.com.conf：

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com www.example.com;

    root /var/www/example.com;
    index index.html index.htm;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }

    error_page 404 /404.html;
    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
}

启用虚拟主机配置：

sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

其他配置文件示例

conf.d/mime.types：

include /etc/nginx/mime.types;

conf.d/proxy.conf：

proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;